Wrench.



No. 705,860. Patented July 29, I902.

J. UBBIEN.

WRENCH.

(Application filed. June 5, 1902.1

(No Model.)

1H: "cams PETER! cow. niomumo. wuumoron u c UNITED STATES:

PATENT OFFICE! JOSEPH OBRIEN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO AVERY H. BUTTLING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 705,860, dated July 29, 1902.

Application filed June 5, 1902. Serial No. 110,344. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH OBRIEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Pipe and Nut Wrench, of which the following is a specification.

The improvement herein relates to wrenches which are adapted for pipes and for nuts, and

in the claims appended hereto the precise improvement will be set out in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows the slidable head and its pivoted grip-jaw in section and as bound upon a pipe. Fig. 2 is a like view of the pivoted grip-jaw as bound upon a nut. end view of the slidable head, its pivoted grip-jaw, and the drive-screw for the latter. Fig. 4 is a side view of the pivoted grip-jaw and its attached spring. Fig. 5 is an end view of the same. Fig. 6 is a side view of the sliding head which carries the pivoted grip-jaw. Fig. 7 shows the grip-jaw before it is bound upon the pipe by the drive-screw.

The handle-bar 1 has-the usual end fixed jaw 2 at right angles to the bar, and a head 3 is fitted to be moved over and clamped upon the serrated edges of the bar. A grip-jaw 4 is pivoted to the movable head, the pivot being at the heel or inner end of the jaw and at the corner of the heel for a purpose which I will presently explain. The fixed jaw and the pivoted grip-jar are serrated and form the pipe and nut wrench parts. The movable head is recessed, as shown in Fig. 3, to make it a sort of trough to receive the grip-jaw, the side walls 12 of the recess supporting and bracing the grip-jaw against sidewise strain.

The grip-jaw has an undertongue projection 5, adapted to fit within the recess, and the jawpivot 6 is fitted in these walls 12 in such relation to the heel of the jaw as to cause the heel to have an' eccentric binding action at the corner of the gripping edge against the handle-bar when the jaw is set obliquely to the gripping-face of the fixed jaw in binding the latter upon the pipe, as in Fig. 1. The grip-jaw is driven against the article and bound in its function as a wrench by a thumb screw 7, which pierces the bottom wall of the Fig. 3 is any slidable head and forms an adjustable abutment, on which the free end of the pivoted grip-jaw is supported in applying it to the article,"as in Fig. 7.

As a means of clamping the slidable body to the handle-bar I provide the body with a pair of gripping-levers 10, arranged to engage the opposite edges of the handle-bar, so as to have an eccentric binding action thereon. The handles ofthese levers stand outward,and

their eccentric ends are serrated and engage the serrated edges of the handle-bar, so that the force on the grip-jaw to screw or to unscrew the pipe or nut is transmitted to the head, which causes the eccentric lovers to bind harder on the bar to firmly hold the head on the bar, while the jaw-screw firmly holds the grip-jaw on the part to'be turned. Springs 11, fixed to these lever-binders, serve to hold them always in engagement with the handlebar and in position to be grasped by the hand and pressed inward to loosen the eccentrics and allow the release of" the jaw-body from the nut or pipe.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is important to note that in clamping the grip-jaw upon the pipe the corner of the heel ofthe jaw is, by the inclined position of the jaw, forced against the edge of the handle-bar by the action of the drive-screw 7 in forcing the jaw hard upon the pipe. In this way the grip-jaw by its pressure on the bar reinforces the clamping action of the lever eccentrics which hold the body when clamped to the bar against the resistance of the force to turn the pipe. A plate-spring 8, fastened to the heel of the jaw, extends under it like a tongue and serves to form a spring-support for the jaw,

as in Fig. 7, so that the jaw is held on an in- This arrangement of the pivoted grip-jaw, 5 the drive-screw, and the plate-springrenders the wrench equallyadapted for turning on or oif nuts, in which case the grip-jaw stands horizontal in binding the nut. In operating the wrench on a pipe the oblique position of too grip-j aw acts to increase the force of the grip ping action, while the serrated gripping-jaw surfaces prevent the slipping of the grip. In Fig. 7 the function of the plate-spring is seen as sustaining the gripjaw, and therefore quickly allows it to be opened from the fixed jaw to receive pipes or nuts of different sizes. The plate-spring and the grip-jaw are then driven upon the pipe or the nut. The leverbinders are forced hard upon the bar to hold the grip-jaw, which in the binding action of its heel upon the bar aids the more firmly to hold the head on the bar. In this holding of the head the lever eccentrics are self-acting. Obviously the plate-sprin g may be dispensed with.

I claim- 1. In a wrench and in combination, the jawbar, the slidable head having an integral bottom wall standing at right angles to the edge of the jaw-bar, means for clamping the head to the bar, a grip-jaw pivoted to the head in overhanging relation to the bottom wall, a

plate-spring on the jaw between it and said bottom wall, and a drive-screw tapped in said bottomwall beneath said spring.

2. In a Wrench and in combination, the jawbar, the slidable head having an integral bottom Wall standing at right angles to the edge of the jaw-bar, means for clamping the head to the bar, a grip-jaw pivoted at the inner corner of its inner end to the head, and a drive-screw tapped in the bottom wall beneath the grip-jaw to drive the latter against the pipe and by such driving force cause the outer corner of the jaw to be forced with a clamping action against the-bar to reinforce the means for clamping the head to the bar.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH OBRIENi Witnesses:

ALBERT J. BUTTLING, JAMES OCoNNELL. 

